Short and detached notes. The dot can be above or below the note.

Top value is the number of beats in a measure. Bottom value is the note value equal to one beat.

Notes going above the 3rd line use a stem going down on the left.

Notes below the 3rd line use stem going up on the right.

Notes on the 3rd line use a stem going up or down.

Treble, middle, and bass

Circles G

Circles F

Italian word meaning humorous or joking

Quarter rest is one beat. Half rest is two beats. Whole rest is full measure.

Short lines that help you read the notes above or below the staff

A dance from South America

Your hands move in opposite directions

Skip:
- from a space to a space
- from a line to a line
- 3 letter names
- 3 fingers
- usually played with fingers 1 and 5
- treble G is a 5th above middle C
- bass F is a 5th below middle C

A curved line joining 2 notes on the same line or space. Play the first note and hold through the value of both notes

Playing the next lower key, black or white

Playing the next higher key, black or white

- the sharp/flat applies to the note for the rest of the measure it's made in
- a bar line neutralizes the sharp/flat
- a natural sign cancels the sharp/flat

Skip:
- space and a line
- line and a space
- 2 letter names
- 2 fingers
- usually played with fingers 1-4 or 2-5

2 = 2 beats in a measure
4 = quarter note gets 1 beat

3 = 3 beats in a measure
4 = quarter note gets 1 beat

4 = 4 beats in a measure
4 = quarter note gets 1 beat

Italian word meaning "well done!"